隨著社群媒體投資網紅與 KOL 盛行,南韓政界正研議強化監管。執政黨議員提出修法草案,要求在網路上推薦股票與加密貨幣的金融網紅,需揭露自身持倉與收受報酬,以降低利益衝突與誤導風險。此舉被視為南韓將網路投資言論納入正式金融監理框架的重要一步,也反映全球對金融內容創作者監管趨嚴的趨勢。
南韓考慮修法:要求「金融網紅」投資建議透明化
根據韓媒 Herald Business 報導,南韓共同民主黨國會議員 김승원 (音譯金勝源) 正推動修訂《資本市場與金融投資法》與《虛擬資產用戶保護法》。草案重點在於,針對透過社群媒體、出版物或廣播等管道,向不特定多數人提供股票或加密資產投資建議者,建立資訊揭露義務。
提案指出,隨著社群平台影響力擴大,部分未受監管的「Finfluencer」對市場價格與投資判斷產生實質影響,現行法規卻未能充分涵蓋相關行為,導致監理出現落差。
網紅須揭露什麼?持倉種類、數量與收費情形
依據草案內容,若屬於反覆性提供投資建議或收費推薦商品者,將必須公開:
是否因推薦行為收取報酬
收受報酬的性質與內容
個人持有之金融商品、加密資產種類與持有數量
具體適用範圍與技術細節,將在後續進一步規範。違規處分則可能比照資本市場中的不公平交易行為,例如價格操縱或搶跑交易 (front-running)。
(南韓導入 AI 監控系統,防範加密市場操縱,為《數位資產基本法》鋪路)
監管單位:違規案件隨登記投資顧問數量激增
官方資料顯示,自 2018 年至 2024 年間,南韓類投資顧問業者登記數量與申報案件成長超過 12 倍。資本市場研究院高級研究員 Ahn Yu-mi (音譯安宥美) 指出,仍有部分人士在未登記的情況下,透過社群媒體散布誇大或不實的廣告或推廣資訊,涉及操縱價格與不當獲利。
她表示,在線上管道主導的金融資訊環境下,金融當局有必要建立更完整的事前監督與事後懲罰機制,以降低資訊不對稱對投資人造成的損害。
與國際接軌:英美已強化金融網紅規範
南韓此次立法動向,也與國際監管趨勢相呼應。英國金融行為監管局 (FCA) 已明確規定,金融商品宣傳須經授權機構核准,並於 2023 年針對加密資產廣告建立更嚴格的金融推廣規則。
在美國,證券交易委員會 (SEC) 也曾對未揭露推廣報酬的名人與網紅開罰,包括電視名人金卡戴珊 (Kim Kardashian) 與 NBA 名人堂球星俠客歐尼爾 (Shaquille O’Neal) 等案例。
(FTX 事件後,加密 KOL 開始謹慎看待 Web3 公司的合作邀約)
如今,南韓若完成立法,將進一步明確界定金融網紅的法律責任,逐步將社群投資言論納入監理架構之中,並為加密資產與股票市場的資訊透明度設立更高標準。
這篇文章 南韓擬立法規範財經網紅,推廣加密貨幣與股票須揭露持倉與收受報酬 最早出現於 鏈新聞 ABMedia。
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