2月25日消息，美国货币监理署（OCC）就落实《指导和建立美国稳定币国家创新法案》（GENIUS法案）发布实施提案，并启动为期60天的公众征求意见程序。这标志着美国稳定币监管框架正从立法层面迈向具体执行阶段。
OCC署长 Jonathan V. Gould 表示，监管框架旨在确保稳定币行业在安全、稳健的环境下发展。《GENIUS法案》作为美国首个联邦层面的支付稳定币立法，已于2025年7月生效。根据法案安排，全面实施时间为法案颁布后18个月，即2027年1月18日，或主要监管机构发布最终细则后120天，以较早者为准。
此次长达376页的提案明确了OCC在稳定币监管中的管辖权，涵盖国家银行或联邦储蓄协会子公司、联邦合格支付稳定币发行机构、州级合格发行机构及部分外国发行机构。提案要求发行方建立一对一储备机制，储备资产须为可识别的高流动性资产，并根据风险状况制定资本与流动性标准。
此外，发行机构原则上需在两个工作日内按面值赎回稳定币，并建立覆盖运营过渡、网络安全及第三方风险的风险管理体系。OCC指出，与《银行保密法》等相关的配套规则将通过独立程序推进。
作为落实《GENIUS法案》的关键步骤，此次提案将与美联储、联邦存款保险公司及国家信用社管理局等机构协同制定规则。随着监管细则逐步明晰，美国支付稳定币监管体系正在形成更具约束力与可操作性的制度基础。
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