a16z Crypto更新Jolt zkVM,并质疑行业对“ZK”概念的滥用

Odaily星球日报讯 风险投资机构 Andreessen Horowitz 旗下的 A16z Crypto 近日发布博客文章,对其开源 Jolt zkVM 进行技术更新,同时指出当前行业中对“ZK(零知识)”概念存在广泛误用。

A16z 表示,许多所谓的 zkVM 实际上并不具备真正的零知识属性,除非额外进行一种成本较高的“包装(wrapping)”流程。该流程通常需要通过递归证明,在另一个真正具备零知识特性的证明系统中再次验证 zkVM 的证明,这不仅计算成本高,还往往需要引入“可信设置”(trusted setup),从而牺牲系统透明性。

文章指出,在很多开发者语境中,“zk”已经逐渐被当作“简洁性(succinctness)”的代称,即证明体积小、验证速度快,而并非真正意义上的零知识隐私保护。

A16z 认为,随着行业对隐私保护需求的增加,这种概念混用正逐渐成为问题。真正的零知识证明应重点保障证明者的敏感数据隐私,而不仅仅是提供高效的验证机制。

与此同时,A16z 还宣布为 Jolt zkVM 引入 NovaBlindFold 折叠方案,以增强其隐私能力,使该虚拟机更适用于隐私类应用场景。

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