Odaily星球日报讯 以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 近日连续发布技术长文，围绕以太坊未来路线图展开讨论。在最新文章中，他重点分析了区块构建（block building pipeline）流程中的潜在中心化风险，并提出扩大 FOCIL 机制及引入加密内存池（encrypted mempools）等方案，以增强网络的抗审查能力。
根据规划，以太坊将在 2026 年上半年推出 Glamsterdam 升级，其中将引入“协议内提议者-构建者分离”（enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation，ePBS）机制。该机制允许区块提议者将区块构建外包给一个无需许可的开放市场，以降低质押层面的集中化风险。
不过 Buterin 指出，尽管 ePBS 可防止区块构建权向少数质押池集中，但区块构建本身仍可能因专业化与最大化排序收益（MEV）而向少数高阶参与者集中，从而形成新的中心化趋势。
为应对这一问题，以太坊开发者计划在 Glamsterdam 升级中同步推出 FOCIL（Forward Obligatory Commitment to Inclusion Lists）机制。初期版本将随机选出 16 名见证者，强制要求特定交易必须被纳入区块，否则区块将被拒绝。Buterin 表示，即便区块构建被单一恶意实体掌控，FOCIL 仍可确保交易无法被完全审查。
此外，Buterin 还探讨了扩大 FOCIL（“big FOCIL”）规模及引入加密内存池的可能性，以进一步削弱区块构建过程中的信息不对称和权力集中问题。
近期，Buterin 已就量子抗性路线图、执行层改进及区块构建机制等议题密集发声，显示以太坊核心开发团队正为下一阶段协议升级进行系统性设计与风险评估。
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