2月12日消息，2026年，美国银行家协会（ABA）已正式致信美国货币监理署（OCC），要求立即暂停对多家加密货币公司的国家银行特许经营权审查，其中包括 Ripple、Circle 及其他相关申请机构。此举被视为美国传统银行体系对数字资产领域扩张的强烈反制。
ABA在信中指出，在国会尚未完成加密金融监管框架之前，OCC不应继续按照传统银行的审批节奏处理这些申请。该协会强调，监管机构在发放任何特许权之前，必须全面评估申请人的合规责任、资本结构以及潜在系统性风险。
争议焦点之一在于《GENIUS 法案》。ABA批评OCC将特许权审批与该法案挂钩，但该法案仍需多个联邦机构完成配套规则，全面落地可能需要数年时间。ABA担心，在监管体系尚不完善的情况下仓促发放牌照，将加大破产与流动性风险。
目前，Ripple 的申请最受关注。该公司此前已获得OCC的有条件批准，这被外界视为距离全面牌照仅一步之遥，也正是这一进展引发了ABA的强烈反对。此外，World Liberty Financial 也提交了成为联邦特许国家信托银行的申请，并在政界引发争议。
除上述企业外，Circle、BitGo、Paxos以及野村证券旗下的 Laser Digital 也被提及为相关案例。ABA还警告称，部分加密机构可能通过关联平台，绕开《GENIUS 法案》中关于利息收益的限制，从而形成监管套利。
这一事件表明，美国加密金融与传统银行体系的博弈正在升级。随着立法与监管进程持续推进，OCC是否会调整审查节奏，将直接影响美国数字资产行业的制度化进程。
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