1月27日消息,区块链研究机构 MigaLabs 最新披露的一项分析显示,以太坊在2025年12月完成 Fusaka 升级后,在处理数据密集型区块时出现了明显压力,这为其是否能承载更大规模的 Layer 2 数据吞吐量打上了问号。Fusaka 硬分叉的核心目标,是允许 Layer 2 网络向主网提交更多 blob 数据,从而降低 Rollup 成本并提高可扩展性,但实际运行情况并未完全符合预期。
MigaLabs 基于2025年10月以来超过75万个区块槽的数据发现,尽管官方将每个区块的目标 blob 数量逐步提高到14,但网络中实际的 blob 中位数反而有所下降。包含16个及以上 blob 的区块极为罕见,只出现了几百次,这说明扩展后的容量远未被充分利用。
更值得警惕的是,当 blob 数量上升时,区块被网络错过的概率会显著提高。数据表明,在最多15个 blob 时,未命中率约为0.5%;一旦达到16个以上,这一比例跳升至0.77%到1.79%之间,在最高观测到的21个 blob 情况下,失效率已是网络平均水平的三倍以上。此类高数据量区块主要来自 Arbitrum 和 Base 等大型二层网络,它们高度依赖以太坊的数据可用性来维持自身安全。
如果未来 Layer 2 活动持续升温,高 blob 区块变得更加频繁,这种叠加的失效率可能对以太坊整体稳定性形成压力。基于这一趋势,MigaLabs 建议在高数据量区块的失效率回落到基准水平、并且真实需求逼近当前上限之前,暂缓进一步提高 blob 容量。
与此同时,以太坊基金会也在布局长期安全性,研究员 Justin Drake 已宣布启动后量子加密计划,由 Thomas Coratger 与 Emile 负责推进,并投入200万美元资金。这表明在扩容与安全之间,以太坊正面临更加精细化的技术权衡。
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