Why did Confucianism and Keynesianism rise?

Chaos reigns, warlords carve up territories, and during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucianism was very niche.

Once stability was restored and the four seas unified, Confucianism became mainstream after the Han Dynasty.

The same Confucianism, why is there such a big difference before and after?

In wartime, territory is fought over, and military power is authority. Any theory that helps strengthen military power becomes mainstream.

In peace, strengthening imperial authority and maintaining stability are key. Any theory that helps sustain stability becomes mainstream.

In modern times, there are many schools of economics. Why did Keynesianism become the global mainstream?

Because Keynesianism can increase imperial authority.

The core of Keynesianism is just one sentence: When in doubt, print money.

In the past, when there was no money, they would print more. But mainstream opinion strongly opposed money printing, as it meant exploitation—exchanging a piece of paper for people’s labor.

Keynes used a theoretical framework to justify money printing, perfectly aligning with the above idea. Economics students all learn this course, and after graduation, they recite this doctrine. Money printing becomes the global mainstream.

Country M, the broad money supply M2’s annual growth rate is about 4.49% (September 2025 data).

Country Z, the M2 annual growth rate is about 8.20% (October 2025 data).

With so much money printed, why haven’t ordinary people’s incomes increased?

Ideally, money flows into the pockets of ordinary people. Although money becomes less valuable, everyone’s income is higher, and debts are diluted. The overall result isn’t bad.

In a ridiculous scenario, money flows into the pockets of a few people. Their consumption capacity is limited, they can only afford three meals a day, wealth isn’t circulating, and the economy stalls. #Evolution of Confucian Thought **$SOL **$NFT $ADA