AI data center construction is in full swing. How can the power supply system meet the challenges?

2026-04-08 00:23:22

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【Caixin】 Starting in 2025, domestic and international AI data centers (AIDC) are booming, and their high-energy-demand requirements will bring new challenges to the power supply system.

On April 2, at the 14th International Energy Storage Summit and Exhibition, Guo Yunzheng, deputy director of the Energy Products Department of the Intelligent Computing Energy Business Center at China Mobile Energy Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., said that the high-energy-demand requirements of AI data centers pose three new challenges to power supply systems: high power, high volatility, and high capacity.

As GPU (graphics processing unit) chip power consumption continues to rise, the power of each rack keeps increasing, putting pressure on distribution capacity and cooling systems. Guo Yunzheng said that the power density of domestic servers is moving from 40 kilowatts per rack toward the megawatt scale, and it is expected to expand to 250 kilowatts by 2028. Once the power of a single rack surpasses this level, the power delivery capability of existing uninterruptible power supply systems will face a bottleneck. Not only will it be difficult to meet high-power demands, but losses will also increase significantly due to larger line transmission currents, and the additional loss level may be around 60%.

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