Decentralization Storage and Data Availability Layer: Key Infrastructure for Web3 Development

In today's highly developed data economy, everyone inevitably participates in various data storage activities. With the arrival of the Web3 era, most technology fields will begin to upgrade or transform in the coming years. As an important infrastructure of Web3, Decentralization storage will land in more application scenarios in the future, including data storage networks behind social data, short videos, live broadcasts, and smart cars.

Data is the core asset of the Web3 era, and the main feature is that users own their data. Ensuring that users securely own their data and the assets they represent, while alleviating various concerns ordinary users have about asset security, will help attract the next billion users into the Web3 world. In this process, an independent data availability layer will become an indispensable link.

From Decentralization Storage to Data Availability Layer

Traditionally, data is stored in the cloud through a centralized manner, fully stored on centralized servers. Over time, users' demands for personal information security and data storage have continuously increased, especially after data breach incidents involving some large data operators, the drawbacks of centralized storage have gradually emerged. At the same time, the advancement of the Web3 era and the expansion of blockchain applications have made data diversified, with scale continuously growing, and the dimensions of personal network data being more comprehensive and valuable, which makes data security and privacy even more important.

Decentralization data storage has emerged. It is one of the earliest and most关注度 highest infrastructures in the Web3 field. Compared to centralized storage, decentralized storage follows the principles of the sharing economy, utilizing a vast number of edge storage devices to provide services, with data actually stored on the storage provided by Provider nodes. In this system without centralized control, the security level of the data is very high.

Decentralization storage mainly stores files or collections of files in a distributed manner across storage spaces. It addresses many pain points of centralized cloud storage in Web2, better aligning with the demands of the big data era, enabling the storage of unstructured edge data at lower costs and higher efficiency, and empowering various emerging technologies.

Data availability (DA) essentially allows light nodes to efficiently ensure the availability and accuracy of data without participating in consensus, without needing to store all data, and without needing to maintain the status of the entire network in a timely manner. An independent data availability layer effectively eliminates single points of failure and maximizes data security.

In addition, Layer 2 scaling solutions like zkRollup also require the use of a data availability layer. It is a more reasonable design to store data in a dedicated data availability layer and only record the Merkel root of the computations on this data in the consensus layer, which is also a more long-term and inevitable trend.

Independent Data Availability Layer Analysis

Celestia

Celestia provides an independent DA public chain with a series of validating nodes, block producers, and consensus mechanisms to enhance security levels. Layer 2 publishes transaction data to the Celestia main chain, where Celestia's validators sign the Merkle Root of the DA Attestation and send it to the DA Bridge Contract on the Ethereum main chain for verification and storage.

Celestia uses an optimistic proof mechanism, which is very efficient when the network is operating normally. Light nodes only need to receive data and restore it according to the encoding, and the entire process is very efficient as long as there are no issues.

MEMO

MEMO is a new generation of high-capacity and highly available enterprise-level storage network created by aggregating global edge storage devices through algorithmic features. It is based on blockchain peer-to-peer technology, enabling data center-free, many-to-many storage operations. The main chain of MEMO primarily stores smart contracts that constrain all nodes, controlling key operations such as uploading storage data, matching storage nodes, system operations, and penalty mechanisms.

On the technical side, MEMO utilizes erasure coding and data recovery technologies to enhance storage functionality, improve data security, and increase storage and download efficiency. In addition to the User and Provider roles, MEMO also introduces the Keeper role to prevent malicious attacks on nodes. The system maintains economic balance through mutual checks among multiple roles, supporting high-capacity and highly available enterprise-level commercial storage applications, providing secure and reliable cloud storage services for NFT, GameFi, DeFi, SocialFi, and more, while being compatible with Web2.

Overall, decentralized storage and independent data availability layers, as key infrastructures for the development of Web3, will play an increasingly important role in the future digital economy. With continuous technological advancements and the expansion of application scenarios, we can expect to see more innovative solutions emerging, further promoting the development and popularization of the Web3 ecosystem.